Zizindikiro zamaganizo za multiple sclerosis
1. Kudzimva kuti wataya mtima
Pamene akudwala multiple sclerosis, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhudza moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zingam'pangitse kumva ululu wolephera kuchita zinthu zomwe poyamba ankakonda.
Chisoni chotsatira kutayika kwa lusoli chimasiyana ndi kupsinjika maganizo m'makhalidwe angapo. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa makhalidwe amenewa n’chakuti chisoni chamtundu umenewu n’chakanthawi; Zimatha pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi.
Kuonjezera apo, munthu wokhudzidwayo angapeze chitonthozo ndi chisangalalo m'zinthu zina zomwe akadali nazo, ndipo izi zimamupatsa kupuma ku zovuta za matendawa.
2. Kusintha kwamalingaliro
Anthu omwe ali ndi multiple sclerosis amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zamaganizo chifukwa zizindikiro za matendawa zimakhala zosiyana komanso zosayembekezereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa komanso kusatsimikizika. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti munthu azisinthasintha maganizo, nthawi zina amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso kukwiya msanga.
3. Kupanikizika kwamaganizo
Anthu ambiri amavutika ndi kupsinjika kwamalingaliro chifukwa cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana za moyo, ndipo kupsinjika kumeneku kumatha kukulirakulira mwa anthu omwe ali ndi multiple sclerosis. Matendawa amakhudza kuthekera kwa munthu kuchita ntchito zake za tsiku ndi tsiku moyenera, zomwe zimawonjezera kumverera kwake kwa katundu ndi kutopa kwamaganizo.
4. Nkhawa
Odwala ena omwe ali ndi multiple sclerosis amakhala ndi nkhawa akapezeka ndi matendawa, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuti adziwe momwe matendawa akuyendera, zomwe zingawakhumudwitsenso.
5. Kuvutika maganizo
Zimadziwika kuti odwala omwe ali ndi multiple sclerosis amavutika maganizo pamlingo woposa katatu kuposa ena. Asayansi, kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, asonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa matendawa ndi kuvutika maganizo. Komabe, kafukufuku wozama komanso mwadongosolo paubwenziwu wangoyamba zaka makumi angapo zapitazi.
6. Pseudobulbar zimakhudza
Chochitika chomwe anthu amawonetsa mayankho amalingaliro omwe sagwirizana ndi malingaliro awo enieni amatchedwa bodza la anyezi.
Tikhoza kupeza wina akulira popanda chisoni, kapena kuseka ndi chinthu chosaseketsa.
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kulankhulana pakati pa mbali za kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa ubongo, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zotsatira za multiple sclerosis.
Kodi zizindikiro zosakhala zamaganizo za multiple sclerosis ndi ziti?
Pano tikuwunikanso gulu la zizindikiro za thupi la multiple sclerosis, zomwe zimasiyana ndi momwe zimakhudzira komanso kufalikira kwa odwala. Tidzafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za zizindikirozi kuti timvetse bwino momwe matendawa amakhudzira thupi.
1. Kutopa
Odwala ambiri amatopa, chifukwa pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu amakhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Kutopa kumeneku kungayambitse mavuto oti mumalize ntchito zapakhomo za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuchita nawo zinthu wamba.
2. Kuvutika kuyenda
Mutha kumva dzanzi m'miyendo kapena m'mapazi, ndipo izi zitha kutsagana ndi zovuta kuti musunge bwino. Mutha kukhalanso ndi minyewa ya minofu kapena kufooka kwathunthu kwa minofu, komanso mavuto amasomphenya amathanso kuchitika.
3. Mavuto owoneka
Multiple sclerosis ingasokoneze masomphenya, chifukwa munthu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto m'maso amodzi kapena onse awiri. Mavutowa amatha kuwoneka mosalekeza kapena amatha kuchitika pafupipafupi, ndipo nthawi zina, kuchira kwathunthu kumatha kuchitika. Zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi multiple sclerosis angakhale nazo ndi:
- Optic neuritis, komwe kutupa kumachitika komwe kumakhudza mitsempha yomwe imatumiza chidziwitso kuchokera ku diso kupita ku ubongo.
- Kuwona kawiri, zomwe zimapangitsa wodwala kuwona zinthu mobwerezabwereza.
- Nystagmus, yomwe ndi kayendedwe ka maso kongochitika, kobwerezabwereza.
- Kutaya masomphenya, komwe kungakhale pang'ono kapena kokwanira zizindikirozi zimafuna kuunika kwachipatala kuti mudziwe chithandizo choyenera ndikutsata momwe wodwalayo alili.
4. Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kulankhula
Zizindikiro zina zimawonekera mwa munthu, kuphatikizapo kulankhula momveka bwino.
Amavutikanso ndi kupuma koonekera polankhula, kaya pakati pa mawu kapena ziganizo.
Kodi multiple sclerosis ndi chiyani
Multiple sclerosis ndi imodzi mwa matenda omwe ali m'gulu la matenda a autoimmune, momwe chitetezo chamthupi chimalimbana ndi myelin sheath, yomwe imayang'anira kuteteza minyewa.
Kuukira kumeneku kumawononga dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha, kuphatikizapo ubongo, msana, ndi mitsempha ya optic, kusokoneza ntchito zambiri zofunika monga masomphenya, kulimbitsa thupi, ndi kulamulira minofu.
Zizindikiro zoyamba za multiple sclerosis nthawi zambiri zimawonekera paunyamata, pakati pa zaka 17 ndi 42, koma zimatha kuchitika pazaka zina kuphatikizapo ubwana ndi ukalamba. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti azimayi ndi omwe amatha kudwala matendawa kuposa amuna.
Kodi mitundu ya multiple sclerosis ndi iti?
Multiple sclerosis imagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, yomwe mtundu wobwerezabwereza umadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino pakati pa omwe akhudzidwa, chifukwa nthawi ya matendawa imadziwika ndi nthawi yobwereranso ndikutsatiridwa ndi kukhululukidwa kwakanthawi kwa zizindikiro.
Kumbali ina, kumabwera secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, imene wodwala matendayo amaona kunyonyotsoka kosalekeza kwa thanzi lake ndi kuthekera kwa kuyambiranso.
Pamene primary progressive multiple sclerosis imadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kosalekeza popanda kusweka momveka bwino kwa zizindikiro kapena kubwereranso.
Ponena za benign multiple sclerosis, imadziwika kuti ndi yofatsa kwambiri mwa mitundu iyi, popeza odwala amachira kwathunthu kuyambiranso zomwe zingawonekere, ndipo zotsatira za matendawa zimatha kuwoneka kawirikawiri pakapita zaka 10-15.
Kodi chithandizo cha multiple sclerosis ndi chiyani?
Palibe chithandizo chathunthu chomwe chimathetseratu multiple sclerosis, koma njira zina zochiritsira zingathe kutsatiridwa kuti zithetse zizindikiro za matendawa ndikutalikitsa nthawi yopuma pakati pa kuukira. Zina mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Gwiritsani ntchito corticosteroids monga methylprednisolone ndi prednisone kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha.
- Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo choyambiranso, monga natalizumab ndi interferon.
- Mankhwala kuti athetse minofu.
- Mankhwala othandiza kulimbana ndi kuvutika maganizo.
- Tsatirani zakudya zokwanira komanso zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimathandizira thanzi la wodwalayo.
- Pumulani mokwanira kuti muwonetsetse kuti thupi likuyenda bwino.
- Pitirizani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti musasunthe.
- Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso thanzi.
Mwanjira izi, anthu omwe ali ndi MS amatha kuthana ndi matenda awo ndikuwongolera moyo wawo.
